SCOTUS Gun Watch - Week of 6/24/24
The Supreme Court issued an 8-1 decision in United States v. Rahimi on Friday morning, reversing the Fifth Circuit and upholding the federal ban on gun possession for those subject to certain state-issued domestic violence protective orders. We'll have a lot more coverage of Rahimi here on the blog soon, but it represents the final gun-related decision from the Court's October 2023 term.
One major question following Rahimi is how the Court will deal with the prohibited-person Second Amendment petitions it has been holding for some time (namely, Range and Daniels, where circuit courts struck down other provisions in 922(g)). It would be somewhat surprising for the Court to GVR petitions that do not involve the same law at issue in Rahimi, given how narrow the majority decision there was, and I also think it's unlikely the Court denies certiorari given the subject matter and scope of the underlying circuit decisions. The Court may consider taking one or both cases for next term. In its order list this morning, the Court disposed of the remaining bump stock cases in light of Cargill—so the Court seems to be dealing with related petitions about one week after a major decision comes down. That means we should know more about Range, Daniels, and other 922(g) petitions following the Court's end of term "clean-up" conference that will take place either later this week or early next week. The Court also granted cert in seven new cases for the coming October term, but no gun cases were among the grants and NAGR (which was again re-listed for last Thursday's conference) remains outstanding.
Responses were waived in both Maryland Shall Issue v. Anne Arundel County (where the Fourt Circuit upheld a local requirement that gun stores make suicide-prevention and conflict-resolution literature available) and Wilson v. Hawaii (where the Hawaii Supreme Court made waves by adopting a militia-only reading of the state's Second Amendment analogue but ultimately applied Bruen in a relatively straightforward manner). I think it's possible the Court may request responses in one or both cases, given their prominence and the amicus filings, but I ultimately doubt we will see a cert grant in either.
The opening brief in VanDerStok, the administrative-law challenge to ATF's regulation of "ghost guns," is due to be filed on Tuesday.
Petitions Granted and Pending Argument
|
Case |
Ct. Below |
Pet. Filed |
Implicated Law/Issue |
Status |
|
(23-852) |
5th Cir. |
7-Feb-2024 |
Administrative law challenge to ATF "ghost gun" rule, which provides that certain products that can readily be converted into an operational firearm or a functional frame or receiver fall within the GCA's defintion of a "firearm" and may be regulated accordingly. |
Petitioner's brief due 25-June-24 |
Petitions Pending
|
Case |
Ct. Below |
Pet. Filed |
Implicated Law/Issue |
Status |
|
(23-7776) |
10th Cir. |
18-Jun-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Response due 22-July-24 |
|
(23-7693) |
5th Cir. |
10-June-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(n), which prohibits those under felony indictment from receiving firearms. |
Response waived 21-June-24 |
|
(23-7692) |
5th Cir. |
10-June-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Response waived 21-June-24 |
|
(23-7689) |
5th Cir. |
7-June-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Response waived 21-Jun-24 |
|
(23-7688) |
5th Cir. |
7-June-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Distributed for conference 30-Sep-24 |
|
(23-7670) |
5th Cir. |
4-June-24 |
Whether Rahimi potentially impacts plain-error analysis for unpreserved 922(g)(1) challenge. |
Distributed for conference 30-Sep-24 |
|
(23-7662) |
5th Cir. |
3-June-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Distributed for conference 30-Sep-24 |
|
(23-7653) |
5th Cir. |
3-June-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Distributed for conference 30-Sep-24 |
|
(23-1257) |
5th Cir. |
29-May-24 |
Whether the Fourth Amendment permits police to shoot a fleeing suspect who might be holding a gun but exhibits no other signs of dangerousness. |
Distributed for conference 30-Sep-24 |
|
(23-1225) |
4th Cir. |
17-May-24 |
First Amendment challenge to local ordinance requiring gun stores to display and distribute suicide-prevention and conflict-resolution literature. |
Response waived 18-June-24 |
|
(23-7554) |
5th Cir. |
16-May-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Distributed for conference 30-Sep-24 |
|
(23-7501) |
10th Cir. |
15-May-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Response due 17-July-24 |
|
(23-7517) |
Supreme Ct. of Hawaii |
14-May-24 |
Whether Bruen governs when a state's criminal prosecution for |
Response waived 20-June-24 |
|
(23-7293) |
10th Cir. |
19-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Response due 24-July-24 |
|
(23-1141) |
1st Cir. |
18-Apr-24 |
Scope of proximate cause for claims brought under PLCAA exception by the Mexican government based on the production and sale of firearms in the United States; Scope of aiding and abetting liability with regard to the same claims. |
Response due 3-July-24 |
|
(23-6842) |
8th Cir. |
23-Feb-24 |
Whether 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms, is invariably constitutional both facially and as-applied to any defendant, no matter the case-specific circumstances. |
Distributed for conference 30-May-24 |
|
(23-910) |
2d Cir. |
20-Feb-24 |
The proper historical reference point for Bruen's analogical inquiry; whether "good moral character" public carry permitting requirements violate the Second Amendment. |
Distributed for conference 6-June-24 |
|
National Association for Gun Rights And related challenges to Illionois' PICA |
7th Cir. |
12-Feb-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to Illinois' ban on certain semiautomatic firearms and large-capacity magazines; "common use" test. |
Distributed for conference 20-June-24 (relist) |
|
(23-6602) |
8th Cir. |
25-Jan-2024 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Distributed for conference 9-May-24 |
|
(23-683) |
10th Cir. |
21-Dec-2023 |
As-applied Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms, which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Distributed for conference 28-Mar-24 |
|
(23-6170) |
8th Cir. |
28-Nov-2023 |
As-applied Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1). which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Distributed for conference 15-Mar-24 |
|
(23-455) |
5th Cir. |
31-Oct-2023 |
Facial Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(8), the domestic-violence restraining order ban. |
Distributed for conference 5-Jan-24 |
|
(23-376) |
5th Cir. |
5-Oct-2023 |
As-applied Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(3), which prohibits those who are "unlawful user[s] of or addicted to any controlled substance" from possessing firearms. |
Distributed for conference 5-Jan-24 |
|
(23-374) |
3d Cir. |
5-Oct-2023 |
As-applied challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Distributed for conference 17-Nov-2023 |
Petitions Disposed
|
Case |
Ct. Below |
Pet. Filed |
Implicated Law/Issue |
Status |
|
(23-62) |
6th Cir. |
21-July-2023 |
Whether a bump stock device constitutes a "machinegun" as defined by federal legislation, and whether ATF acted outside of its statutory authorization in subjecting bump stocks to heightened regulation under the NFA. |
Cert Denied 24-June-24 |
|
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (22-1222) |
D.C. Cir. |
14-June-2023 |
Whether a bump stock device constitutes a "machinegun" as defined by federal legislation, and whether ATF acted outside of its statutory authorization in subjecting bump stocks to heightened regulation under the NFA. |
Granted, vacated, and remanded in light of Cargill 24-June-24 |
|
(23-886) |
Mass. Supreme Ct. |
14-Feb-24 |
Application of double jeopardy rules to attempted re-trial for unlicensed gun possession given intervening change in law due to Bruen; whether non-licensure is an essential element of the crime or proof of licensure is an affirmative defense. |
Cert Denied 24-Jun-24 |
|
(22-915) |
5th Cir. |
17-Mar-2023 |
Facial Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(8), which prohibits those subject to certain domestic-violence restraining orders from possessing firearms during the duration of the order. |
Decided 21-Jun-24 |
|
(23-995) |
2d Cir. |
7-Mar-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to NY commercial regulations applying to federally-licensed firearm dealers. |
Cert Denied 17-June-24 |
|
(23-7231) |
Oklahoma Ct. of Criminal App. |
25-Jan-24 |
Ineffective assistance of counsel claim re failure to notify criminal defendant of potential loss of Second Amendment rights due to conviction for misdemeanour domestic violence offense. |
Cert Denied 17-Jun-24 |
|
(22-976) |
5th Cir. |
6-Apr-2023 |
Whether a bump stock device constitutes a "machinegun" as defined by federal legislation, and whether ATF acted outside of its statutory authorization in subjecting bump stocks to heightened regulation under the NFA. |
Decided 14-Jun-24 |
|
(23-7451) |
5th Cir. |
8-May-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 10-June-24 |
|
(23-7421) |
5th Cir. |
6-May-24 |
Whether Rahimi potentially impacts plain-error analysis for unpreserved 922(g)(1) challenge. |
Cert Denied 10-June-24 |
|
(23-7419) |
5th Cir. |
6-May-24 |
Whether Rahimi potentially impacts plain-error analysis for unpreserved 922(g)(1) challenge. |
Cert Denied 10-June-24 |
|
(23-7402) |
5th Cir. |
3-May-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 10-June-24 |
|
(23-7401) |
5th Cir. |
3-May-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 10-June-24 |
|
(23-7433) |
8th Cir. |
1-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 10-June-24 |
|
(23-6521) |
Superior Court of New Jersey, Appellate Division |
16-Jan-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to NJ's pre-Bruen public-carry permitting law requiring a showing of heightened need; retroactivity of Bruen. |
Cert Denied 10-June-24 |
|
The National Rifle Association of America (22-842) |
2d Cir. |
7-Feb-2023 |
First Amendment challenge by the NRA to state government guidance urging financial institutions to consider the reputational risks of doing business with gun-rights organizations. |
Decided 30-May-24 |
|
(23-7305) |
5th Cir. |
23-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 28-May-24 |
|
(23-7280) |
5th Cir. |
19-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 28-May-24 |
|
(23-7288) |
5th Cir. |
18-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 28-May-24 |
|
(23-7269) |
8th Cir. |
1-Feb-24 (docketed 19-Apr-24) |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; Rehaif challenge to knowledge of prohibited status. |
Cert Denied 28-May-24 |
|
(23-863 - petition for certiorari before judgment) |
4th Cir. |
9-Feb-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to Maryland's ban on certain semiautomatic firearms; "common use" test. |
Petition for certiorari before judgment denied 20-May-24 |
|
(23A870 - emergency application to vacate stay) |
2d Cir. |
26-Mar-24 (refiled 11-Apr-24) |
Second Amendment challenge to NYC "good moral character" requirement for long-gun licensing (motion to vacate Second Circuit's decision to stay district court injunction under Antonyuk) |
Application Denied 20-May-24 |
|
(23-7235) |
5th Cir. |
10-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 13-May-24 |
|
(23-7225) |
5th Cir. |
10-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 13-May-24 |
|
(23-7229) |
5th Cir. |
8-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 13-May-24 |
|
(23-7181) |
5th Cir. |
5-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 13-May-24 |
|
(23-7179) |
5th Cir. |
5-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 13-May-24 |
|
(23-7160) |
5th Cir. |
3-Apr-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 13-May-24 |
|
(23-1018) |
2d Cir. |
11-Mar-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to NYC concealed carry application requirements. |
Cert Denied 13-May-24 |
|
(23-7125) |
5th Cir. |
27-Mar-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 29-Apr-24 |
|
(23-7055) |
5th Cir. |
19-Mar-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 22-Apr-24 |
|
(23-7001) |
5th Cir. |
13-Mar-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 15-Apr-24 |
|
(23-6973) |
5th Cir. |
8-Mar-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms; whether to hold pending Rahimi. |
Cert Denied 15-Apr-24 |
|
(23-6647) |
5th Cir. |
30-Jan-2024 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 15-Apr-24 |
|
(23-6278) |
5th Cir. |
13-Dec-2023 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 15-Apr-24 |
|
(23-6850) |
5th Cir. |
23-Feb-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 1-Apr-24 |
|
(23-921) |
8th Cir. |
9-Feb-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to NFA; pro se. |
Cert Denied 1-Apr-24 |
|
(23-6881) |
5th Cir. |
28-Feb-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 25-Mar-24 |
|
(23-6869) |
5th Cir. |
27-Feb-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 25-Mar-24 |
|
(23-6793) |
5th Cir. |
16-Feb-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 18-Mar-24 |
|
(23-6769) |
5th Cir. |
13-Feb-24 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 18-Mar-24 |
|
(23-6750) |
11th Cir. |
12-Feb-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 18-Mar-24 |
|
(23-6754) |
9th Cir. |
9-Feb-24 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 2D1.1(b)(1) of the Sentencing Guidelines, an enhancement to the offense level that applies when “a dangerous weapon (including a firearm) was possessed" at the time of the offense. |
Cert Denied 18-Mar-24 |
|
(23-6716) |
9th Cir. |
6-Feb-2024 |
Jury instruction regarding insterstate commerce element of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 4-Mar-24 |
|
(23-6689) |
5th Cir. |
5-Feb-2024 |
Second Amendment challenge to 26 U.S.C. § 5861(e), which prohibits transferring an unregistered machinegun. |
Cert Denied 4-Mar-24 |
|
(23-6687) |
5th Cir. |
2-Feb-2024 |
Second Amendment and Commerce Clause challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 4-Mar-24 |
|
(23-6635) |
5th Cir. |
25-Jan-2024 |
Second Amendment challenge to § 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1), which prohibits those convicted of felony offenses from possessing firearms. |
Cert Denied 4-Mar-24 |
|
(23-526 - petition for certiorari before judgment) |
9th Cir. |
15-Nov-2023 |
Second Amendment challenge to California public carry regulations, including open carry ban and school-zone firearm restrictions. |
Cert Denied 8-Jan-24 |
|
(23-510) |
Illinois Supreme Ct. |
9-Nov-2023 |
Due process, equal protection, and Second Amendment challenge to Illinois’ assault weapons and large capacity magazine ban. |
Cert Denied 8-Jan-24 |
|
New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen (20-843) |
2d Cir. |
17-Dec-20 |
Challenge to New York’s good cause public carry regime |
Decided 23-June-2022 |